Water-cooled air and steam nozzle for gas generators



June 11, 1930.

WATER Filed ma '7, 1927 IN'VZITOE JQMIZ%% June 17, 19.30; 1,764,746

WATERVCOOLED AIR AND STEAM NOZZLE FOR GAS GENERATORS J. N. PAFF Filed May '7, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet- 2 F &

Patented June 17, 1930 I James N. IE'AFF, on PITMAN, NEW JERSEY wnTER-cooLEn AIR AND strnnrrlvozznn iron GAS GENERATORS Application filed May 7, 1927. Serial No. 189,493.

1 My invention relates to new and useful improvements in arwater cooled air and steam nozzle for gas generators, and has for its primary l)]6(3t to provide an exl ceedingly simple and eifective 'device of this character which will be inexpensive in the cost of manufacture, but strong and durable and unlikelyto break down under intense heat.

Another object of my invention is to provide a water-cooled nozzle for use in gas generators whichwill withstand the intense heat thus increasing the life thereof.

A further object of my invention is to construct a nozzle of this class from two difierent sized concentric shells providing an en:

closed space for a cooling medium with tubes bridging said space for the passage of air and steam through the nozzle into the fire bed.

A still further object of my invention is to produce an air and steam nozzle capable of generating steam which may be afterwards used in the production of gas from coal in the usual manner.

Some of the advantages derived from the use of my improved nozzle are, low fuel consumption; increased capacity; longer operating period; reduction ofthe time reresults; and a reduction in the oil requirements per thousand feet of gas generated.

With these and other ends in view, this invention consists in the details of construction and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically designated by the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains, may understand how to make and use the same, I will describe its, construction in detail, referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, in which: Fig. 1, is a vertical sectional view of a conventional gas generator showing a nozzle constructed in accordance with my invention installed therein.

Fig.2, is a section on the line of Fig. 1. l a 4 quired to clean the fire; better operating Fig. 3, is an enlarged vertical sectional View of the nozzle perse.

Fig. 4, is asection of Fig. 3 on the'line 5, is a bottom plan view of the nozzles Fig. 6, is a further enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the nozzle.

1 In carrying out my invention as herein embodied, '7 represents a conventional gas generator or furnace for theproduction-of: gas from coal, and includes the usual filling hopper 8, and the gas takeoff passageway 9. In the lower end of the furnace is mounted the usual grate 10 for supporting the-firebed of coal during the generation ofuthe" gas, and below which is an air inlet 11.

' On the grate 10, preferably centrally thereof, is mounted my improved watercooled air and steam nozzle 12 comprising a pair of concentric casings 13 and 14:,the latter being smallerthan the former, so as I to provide a space 15 'forthe cooling medium. These casings are braced or strengthened by stay bolts 16, or their equivalent.

The upper ends of both casings are closed, and may be of integral dome shape or other construction, while the space between said "casings at their lower endsis closed by a 1 ring 17 may be welded or otherwise attached a base ring 19 by means of which the nozzle may be fixed to thegrate within the furnace or generator; Bridging the space between the twocasings are a pair .of'nozzle tubes 20, havi'ng their ends mounted in the walls of said casings, and open entirely therethrough for the passage of air and steam from the inside to the outside of the nozzle for projection into the fire bed surrounding the nozzle.

At some suitable location within the space 15 inthe nozzle is arranged a water inlet'21, the upper end of which terminates a short 1 distance below the top of the nozzle, and at some other suitable location within the space V 15 is an outlet water leg 22 which runs substantially to the highest point of the nozzle. These water legs may be constructed of 1 TENT I. omen;

channel iron sections having outturned flanges as shown in Fig. 4, so that they may be welded to the outer casing with their lower ends projecting through holes 23, one

of which is shown, through the cap plate 17 ria-80 the said holes being afterwards partially closed .by welding .to suitable fittings 2 therein,',the wvelded material 25 filling in all the spaces occupied by the pipe fittings.

To the inlet water leg 21 is connected a water inlet pipe 26, while to the outlet water leg 22 is connected an outlet pipe 27, leading to a waste or -a--suitable accumulator for future use.

Beneath the grate and under the nozzle is located a steam= spray device 28 connected by a pipe 29 or other-suitable conduit with .a-source Gist/63.111 supply, as'a boiler or the aforementioned accumulator.

The furnace orv gas generator having a bed offire supported upon the grate around the nozzle, at certain periods steam is projected through the spray device-into the space below the grate sothat some of the steanrwillpass' into the-nozzle and thence ethrough the nozzle tubes 20 into the fire bed :and also a portion of the steam will pass -..directly through the grate into the firebed. At other periods air will flow through the inlet illaand pass into the fire bed through the grate and through the nozzle, the latter being-for practical purposes, an extension of the grate surface, thus distributing the air and steam over the larger surface of the fire.bed, than is, usual. causing the coal to quicklybreak up and release its ingredients for mixture with thezair' and steam in the production of gas or other volatiles.

During these operations the fire becomes fintensely hot, and the nozzle would soon disintegrate exceptfor thebody of cooling me- .dium filling'the, space betweenthe nozzle casings which has entered theinlet water leg, :anda circulation of water is maintained by letting the overflow run off through the out- -let leg 22. Ofttimes,the water used as a cooling medium is-turned to steam, so that when it flows out through the outlet water leg, it. maybe carried elf to an accumulator and projected into the fire bed through the spraydev-ice28. v

As-suggested above, the construction of the nozzle is such as topractically increase *the'grate surface-of the furnace or generator which is due to the fact that the steam and air pass intothe fire bed throughout a large proportion of the center of said fire bed, as well as through the'bottom, producing a greater active surface resulting in quicker operations so that the costs are reduced. V V

.Of course-Ido not wish to be limitedto theiexact details of. construction as herein shown ;as these may be varied within the limits of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful is:

1. A water cooled air and steam nozzle comprising a pair of concentric different sized casings providing a water space between them, theupper ends ofthe casings casings, nozzle tubes'bridging the space'between the casings and having their ends mounted in said casings ywhereby steam and air may'pass from the inner casingto the outside of the nozzle,-and.means to brace said casings.

2. The structure set forth in claim 4 wherein the water vlegs are/formed oflU- shaped sections and provided with outwardly, projecting fiangesby which they are fixed to a face of one of thecasings within the space between said casings.

3. A water cooled air and steam nozzle comprising two casings closed at one end th reof, one smaller than the other and mounted within the larger one to provide a space for the reception of a cooling medium, tubes mounted in said casings and providing communications between the interior of the inner casing and the exterior of the outer casing, means to close the space between the lower ends of the casings, means to convey cooling medium to said space above the center thereof, and means to convey the cooling medium from said space at the extreme upper end thereof.

l. A water cooled air. and steam nozzle comprising two casings closed at one end thereof, one smaller than the other and mounted within the larger one to provide a space for the reception of. a cooling medium, tubes-mounted in said casings and providing communications between theinterior of the inner casing and the exterior of the outer casing, means to close the space between the lower ends of the casings, said means'having holes therethrough, channel iron sections mounted on the inner surface of the outer casing having their lower ends projecting through the openings in the bottom closure, and the upper end of one of'said channel sections leading to the extreme upper end of the outer casing while the upper end of the channel sections forming water'legs .forthe lnfiow and outlet of a cooling medium to the space between the casings, and pipe fit- V tings communicating with the lower ends of said water legs. r

5. A water cooled air and steam nozzle comprising a double walled cylindrical body, providing a central chamber closed at one end and open at the other for the reception of the blast, and a compartment surround- 7 ing the central chamber from the open end of the latter to and over the closed end 1 thereof to contain a cooling medium, means secured in the body walls and bridging the compartment and providing communications between the central chamber and the exterior of the body, a pipe leading'into said compartment and terminating adjacent the closed end of the body, and another pipe projecting into said compartment and terminating at the'extreme part of the closed end.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto fixed my signature.

' JAMES N. PAFF. 

